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Урок по английскому языку в 8 классе по теме «Защита окружающей среды»

Муниципальное бюджетное общеобразовательное учреждение

Средняя общеобразовательная школа № 67

с углубленным изучением отдельных предметов

МЕТОДИЧЕСКАЯ РАЗРАБОТКА

урока по английскому языку в 8 классе

по теме «Защита окружающей среды»

Автор:

Ваторопина Елена Васильевна,

учитель английского языка

Екатеринбург

2012

Материалы данной методической разработки могут быть использованы в работе над темой «Защита окружающей среды» в 8 классе, а также при подготовке и проведении итоговых уроков по данной теме. Применяются интерактивные методы обучения, игровые технологии, тестовый контроль.

Тема урока: Защита окружающей среды

Цель урока:

Воспитание у учащихся активной жизненной позиции, чувства любви и бережного отношения к окружающей среде, развитие познавательной активности.

Задачи:

Учить детей пользоваться новой лексикой по теме, обсуждать проблемы по данной теме в монологических и диалогических высказываниях.
Развивать навыки аудирования, выборочного чтения, монологической и диалогической речи.
Обучать детей делать выводы и обобщения по основным проблемам темы.

Ход урока:

I. Приветствие. Сообщение темы, задач урока.

The theme of our lesson is “Environmental Protection”. We are going to discuss words on this theme, listen to the text and answer the questions to it, play a game and try to solve ecological problems. So let’s begin.

II. Работа с лексикой.

Your task for today was to learn new words, now listen to me and try to guess the word.

Match English words with their Russian equivalents on the blackboard (см. Приложение 1).

The first one is a noun – all around us. (environment)
It’s a noun. It’s a result of a fire, war. (destruction)
It’s a place for putting dirty (and sometimes dangerous) things (a dump)
It’s a verb from the noun “a dump”. (to dump)
It’s an adjective and may be used with such words as: weapon, war tests. (nuclear)
It may be a gun, a knife. (weapon)
It’s an adjective, antonym of the word “dangerous”. (safe)
The next word is a verb. To make dirty air, water, everything around us. (to pollute)
It’s a noun. It’s a result of people’s bad action in nature (pollution)
It’s when you have less than needed. (a shortage)
All people of one town, city, country. (population)
It’s a very dangerous thing, with it you can even kill. (poison)
It’s a verb from the noun “poison”. (to poison)
The next word is a verb. It means to continue to be alive after coming close to dearth. (to survive)
Things you throw away as damaged or of no use. It may be nuclear, industrial, dangerous. (waste)
It’s a verb. Synonym of this verb is to happen, to make smth happen. (to cause)

III. Отработка ранее введенного материала.

You know these words well. Now let’s play a game. Here is a word “environment”. You are to write the words which are associated with this term.

(Учащиеся друг за другом пишут слова на доске, связанные с темой «Окружающая среда»)

Good, and now make up sentences using two words in each sentence. Try to make sentences of different patterns.

(Учащиеся составляют предложения, используя по два слова из написанных на доске. По мере использования слова на доске стираются.)

IV. Аудирование.

Now you will listen to the text. Then you will answer these questions (на доске написаны вопросы).

But first let’s practice some words:

the Mediterranean – Средиземное море

the Aral Sea – Аральское море

on the brink of extinction – на грани исчезновения

to release – дымить, дуть порывами

diseases – болезни

sulphates – сульфаты

strict laws – строгие законы

Questions:

What problems are mentioned in this text?
What causes pollution?
What facts can you name to prove air pollution, water pollution?
How does pollution harm living creatures?
What should be done to save our planet?

Possible answers:

The problems of water pollution, of living creatures are touched in this text.
Chemical and nuclear waste into water, into air cause our planet pollution.
Half of all lakes are polluted. Many cities have dirty air. To breathe in Cairo is as to smoke two packs of cigarettes.
Many seas are dying, many different diseases appear. Every 10 minutes one kind of animal, plant or insect dies out forever.
In many countries there are plans to clean up water. Many green organizations take care of environment. Some governments make up laws against pollution.

V. Контроль домашнего чтения.

Now let’s read a little. Your hometask was also to read and translate the text “This Fragile Planet” (см. Приложение 2). Don’t read the whole text now, just read the phrases corresponding to their Russian equivalents.

Решать проблемы окружающей среды.

To solve the environmental problems.

Угрожать жизни людей, подвергать жизнь людей опасности.

To endanger people’s lives.

Загрязнение водной среды.

Water pollution.

Загрязнение водной среды.

Air pollution.

Разрушение, уничтожение живой природы.

Destruction of wildlife and countryside beauty.

Проводить испытания ядерного оружия.

To test nuclear waste.

Промышленные и ядерные отходы.

Industrial and nuclear waste.

Сильно испортил Статую Свободы.

Damaged the Statue badly.

Атомные электростанции.

Nuclear power stations.

VI. Ролевая игра.

Now let’s try to solve some problems of environmental protection here in our classroom.

(Заходит ученик в костюме «Земли».) This is our planet. Look how unhappy she is. Do you know why?

Earth : Hello. I’m your planet. I have come to you to ask for your help. I give you air to breathe, water to drink, food to eat. There are flowers in the fields, they are so bright and pretty. There are birds and animals in the forests and parks. Enjoy everything. But now I’m so unhappy. Help me, please.

Look, the fish are dying in my seas (указывает на костюме на мертвую рыбу). Can you help me? Who will help me?

Pupil 1 : I will help you. We shan’t dump waste into the water and the water will be clean.

Earth : Look, the factories release toxic fumes into the air. What can you do with this?

Pupil 2 : We shan’t let factories put chemicals into the air. We shall make them clean up.

Earth : There are many nuclear power stations. I’m afraid of them.

Pupil 3 : We shall make them safe. We shall use the energy of the sun and the wind.

Earth : Many people are ill. They are dying because of pollution. Help them.

Pupil 4 : We shall make laws against pollution, we shall take care of the environment, we shall work in international green organizations. We’ll try to help you.

Earth : So. I’m pleased with your intentions. I hope that you’ll do everything you promise. And we shall survive and enjoy the life on our beautiful planet. Thank you very much. Bye.

Class : Good-bye.

Teacher : Thank you very much. You will be able to help our planet.

VII. Подведение итогов урока путем тестирования.

Now you will write a test on our lesson for today.

Всем ученикам раздается тест, который включает в себя задания, отражающие работу на уроке. После выполнения работы учащимся предлагается обменяться тестами и на доске даются правильные ответы и параметры выставления оценок. Выставляются оценки за урок.

Приложение 1

Карточки по теме «Защита окружающей среды»

an environment

to pollute

pollution

to cause

a destruction

a shortage

a dump

to dump

waste

poison

nuclear

a weapon

population

to survive

safe

recycle

окружающая среда

загрязнять

загрязнение

вызывать

разрушение

нехватка

сброс

сбрасывать

отходы

яд

отравлять

ядерный

оружие

население

выживание

безопасный

перерабатывать

Приложение 2

Тексты для чтения по теме «Защита окружающей среды»

THIS FRAGILE PLANET

The word «environment» means simply what is around us. Some people live in a town environment; for others, their environment is the countryside. But the air we breathe, the soil on which we stand and walk, the water we drink are all part of the environment.

Nowadays people understand how important it is to solve the environmental problems that endanger people’s lives. The most serious environmental problems are:

pollution in its many forms (water pollution, air pollution, nuclear pollution);
noise from cars, buses, planes, etc.;
destruction of wildlife and countryside beauty;
shortage of natural resources (metals, different kinds of fuel);
the growth of population.

WATER POLLUTION

“Water, water everywhere, not any drop to drink,” said the sailor from Coleridge’s poem describing to a friend how awful it was to be without drinking water on a ship in the middle of the ocean. It is strange to think that the water around his ship was probably quite safe to drink. It was salty – but not polluted. The sea waters today are much more dangerous.

There is no ocean or sea which is not used as a dump. The Pacific Ocean, especially, has suffered from nuclear pollution because the French Government tests nuclear weapons there. Many seas are used for dumping industrial and nuclear waste. Britain alone dumps 250,000 tons of industrial waste straight into the North Sea. This poisons and kills fish and sea animals. “Nuclear-poisoned” fish can be eaten by people.

Many rivers and lakes are poisoned, too. Fish and reptiles can’t live in them. There is not enough oxygen in the water. In such places all the birds leave their habitats and many plants die. If people drink this water they can die too. It happens so because factories and plants produce a lot of waste and dump it into rivers. So they poison the water. Factories use clean water. After the water is used it becomes poison which goes back into rivers, lakes and seas.

AIR POLLUTION

When the Americans decided to clean up the Statue of Liberty in 1986, the first thing they had to do was to make a hole in her nose and take away the acid rain that had collected inside. The polluted air of New York had mixed with the rain and damaged the Statue badly. And you certainly know that most of the pollution in big cities comes from cars and buses.

More and more often people are told not to be in direct sunlight, because ultraviolet radiation from the sun can cause skin cancer. Normally the ozone layer in the atmosphere protects us from such radiation, but if there are holes in the ozone layer ultraviolet radiation can get to the earth. Many scientists think that these holes are the result of air pollution.

Nuclear power stations can go wrong and cause nuclear pollution. This happened in Windscale in Britain, in Three Mile Island in the USA and Chernobyl in the former Soviet Union. Nuclear pollution cannot be seen but its effects can be terrible.

To make air clean again we need good filters at nuclear power stations, at factories and plants and also in cars and buses.

Both clean air and clean water are necessary for our health. If people want to survive they must solve these problems quickly. Man is beginning to understand that his environment is not just his own town or country, but the whole earth. That’s why people all over the world think and speak so much about ecology.

Prove the following with the help of the text.